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Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop from the muscle tissue of the uterus. They vary greatly in number, size and location. Many cause no symptoms, while others may be linked with heavy or prolonged periods, anaemia, pelvic pressure, pain, urinary frequency or reproductive concerns.
An assessment may include a pelvic examination and ultrasound, with additional tests considered when needed. The effect of a fibroid depends not only on its size but also on where it sits in relation to the uterine cavity and surrounding organs. Other causes of bleeding or pain should also be considered.
Observation may be appropriate when symptoms are mild. Treatment options can include medicines, procedures that preserve the uterus or surgery. The most suitable approach depends on symptoms, fibroid characteristics, age, general health and whether future pregnancy is desired. A consultation should explain expected benefits, limitations and recovery clearly.
